Initial synchronization of W-CDMA systems using a power-scaled detector with antenna diversity in frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels

An analytical evaluation of the performance in terms of detection probability and mean detection time of a noncoherent detector at the base station is presented for a wideband CDMA system, where the mobile terminal transmits a pilot signal in the form of bursts of modulated chips, which are transmitted periodically and separated by long silent intervals. The performance analysis is carried out for a power-scaled detector employing temporal and spatial noncoherent averaging in frequency-selective fading channels taking channel dynamics and initial frequency offsets into account. With the presented analysis, which is verified by means of simulations, it is possible to conveniently trade off temporal noncoherent versus coherent averaging depending on the length of the pilot bursts and channel dynamics and to examine the improvement of using multiple diversity antennas at the base station.